Social Model of Disability free essay sample

. Critically consider the implications for a person with an impairment condition and the opportunities for them to become a member of an inclusive society. This piece of work will try and address the issues surrounding a person who is diagnosed with HIV and the inter-related condition AIDS. The essay will begin with an outline of what HIV and AIDS actually is. Once diagnosis has been confirmed, then a brief discussion on the treatment and delivery and the differences between the social and medical model will address how the individual is treated in relation to health care. Key issues surrounding a work place or educational environment and generally the discrimination they face from different aspects within society will be discussed from a critical perspective. The introduction of relevant government legislation, in particular the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and the new Act in 2005 will show what measures have been taken to allow an individual to feel included and not excluded within modern day society. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Model of Disability or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page National organisations such as the ‘Terrence Higgins Trust’ will also be included as to what services are on offer for the individual and their personal close contacts. HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). It can only be passed on from person to person through blood, semen, vaginal fluids or breast milk and is commonly passed on from one person to another through reusing or the sharing of needles, unprotected sex or during pregnancy. The most Common perceptions are that it can be passed on from kissing, sharing drinks or by sharing eating utensils but this is completely untrue (website1). HIV infects and gradually destroys an infected persons immune system thus reducing their protection against infections or cancers. Initially, someone who is living with HIV may not show any symptoms of HIV infection as their immune system manages to control it. However, in most cases their immune system will eventually need help from anti-HIV drugs to keep the HIV infection under control. Unfortunately these drugs do not rid the body of the HIV infection. AIDS is the short name for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. AIDS is not a single disease or condition. Instead, it is a term that describes the point when a person’s immune system can no longer cope because of the damage caused by HIV and they will start to get one or more specific illnesses. AIDS itself does kill; it is the related conditions they acquire such as cancers, pneumonia or other conditions that may take hold when their immune system has been weakened by the HIV virus (website 3). The most common treatment available for HIV is ‘combination therapy’, which as its name suggests is a combination of drugs which is started when the individual’s immune system is reaching very low levels. It works by suppressing the person’s immunity as much as possible. There are also a number of anti-HIV drugs (often called anti-retroviral drugs), which have dramatically improved the life expectancy of someone diagnosed with HIV. However, the treatments are complex and probably need to be taken for the rest of the individual’s life. Which medication to take and when to start taking them varies according to individual need and circumstances and a treatment plan must be drawn together with the patient and practitioner (Pratt 1995). Consideration needs to be given whether the individual wishes to adhere to the medical model and accept the medical treatment offered or choose to participate in the social model and be given the opportunity to voice their opinion and make decisions regarding their treatment plan. The medical model is a traditional model that adheres to traditional medical procedures and does not give such consideration to the wishes of the patient and enforces the notion that it’s your ‘own fault’. Whereas the social model will take into account the patients wishes and co-operate with the patient in the delivery of care. The new emerging affirmative model is seen as a ‘non-tragic view of disability’; it strengthens the social model by promoting inclusion and understanding the patient as an individual Johnstone (2001). According to Weitz (1991), a large scale survey carried out in the U. S. A found problems facing an individual who is HIV positive or diagnosed with AIDS face discrimination largely down to ignorance from people who just simply do not understand how it can be spread or how the individual may have contacted the disease in the first place. Johnstone p. 126 (2001) points out that within the U. K there has been a shift away from â€Å"bigoted public attitudes† but the stigma remains which is largely down to how the media portray the illness. Legislation such as the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 was introduced to eliminate discrimination towards disabled people in areas of employment, education, accessing facilities, goods or services and the managing, buying or renting of land or property. Parts of it became law in December 1996, and other parts have been introduced over time. For example, within organisations and businesses it became unlawful for employers to treat disabled people less favorably than other employees for a reason in relation to their disability. Reasonable adjustments have had to be made for any person with a disability, such as making changes in service provision or providing extra help since October 1999. Premises have also had to ensure any adaptations to allow access for disabled people were implemented from October 2004.

From Acres of Diamonds essays

From Acres of Diamonds essays In Russell H. Conwells essay, From Acres of Diamonds, he talks about money being the root of everyones purpose to live. In order to support and argue Conwells ideas the principles from the proverbs on money can be looked at. Money is something that is generally accepted as a medium of exchange, a measure of value, wealth reckoned in terms of money, or a means of payment (according to the Encyclopedia Britannica. Money makes the world go round and ever person needs money in order to survive. In a short list of lessons, summarized by Greg Herrick, Ph.D. on the proverbs and the idea of money, there are eleven principles which the Bible states in relation to money. One quote taken from the bible is, Righteous people can have great riches that involve no trouble. The truer a person is the more money he can account because nothing is holding him back. The more honest a person is the more people trust that person and want to work under that person, which makes the honest man a rich and wealthy man. As Conwell states, The men who get rich may be the most honest men you find in the community. Both the Bible and Conwell state that money is at the reach of each and every person but never let that money become your love because The love of money is the root of all evil. Money does make people wealthy when it comes to materialistic items, which brings about power. Never take that money and become greedy for ones own well-being. Greed is one of the seven sins in the Bible; this always leads to problems for that greedy person in the end. As stated in the Bible, Do not charge exorbitant interest; justice will prevail. If a person worships money that person will end up with less friends, more family problems, and etc. Money can be a good or bad thing in ones life depending on what aspect a person looks at money. As Conwell argues, The man that wor...

Telling Time in Mandarin Chinese

Telling Time in Mandarin Chinese When navigating everyday life, it is important to know how to tell time in order schedule meetings, meet up with friends, know that youre running on time, and so on. The Chinese time system is fairly straightforward, and once you have learned your numbers you just need a few more vocabulary words to be able to tell the time. Here is an introduction on how to tell the time in Mandarin Chinese so that you can make plans while in a Chinese-speaking region. Numbering System Before learning to tell time in Mandarin Chinese, you need a solid grasp of Mandarin numbers. Here is a quick review of the Mandarin numbering system: All number vocabulary is based on the numbers from zero to ten.Multiples of 10 are expressed as 2-10 (20), 3-10 (30) etc.Numbers above 10 are expressed as 10-1 (11), 20-3 (23) etc.The number 2 has two forms: à ¨r when counting, and liÇŽng when used with a measure word (as in telling the time). Time Vocabulary This is a list of time-related Chinese vocabulary words. Audio files are included to help you with pronunciation and listening comprehension skills.   Ã¥ ° Ã¦â„¢â€š xiÇŽo shà ­: houré ËœÃ©   ­ (traditional) / é’Ÿå ¤ ´ (simplified) zhÃ… ng tà ³u: hour分é Ëœ / 分钟  fÄ“n zhÃ… ng: minuteç §â€™ miÇŽo: secondæâ€" ©Ã¤ ¸Å  zÇŽo shang:  morningä ¸Å Ã¥ Ë† shng wÇ”:  morningä ¸ ­Ã¥ Ë† zhÃ… ng wÇ”: noonä ¸â€¹Ã¥ Ë† xi wÇ”: afternoon晚ä ¸Å  wÇŽn shang:  eveningÃ¥ ¤Å"è £ ¡ / Ã¥ ¤Å"é‡Å'  yà ¨ lÇ : late  night甚é º ¼Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ¥â‚¬â„¢ / ä »â‚¬Ã¤ ¹Ë†Ã¦â€" ¶Ã¥â‚¬â„¢? shà ©nme shà ­hou:  when?Ã¥ ¹ ¾Ã© »Å¾ / å‡  Ã§â€š ¹? jÄ « diÇŽn:  what time? Time Format Mandarin time is most commonly expressed in â€Å"digital format, which means one would say 10:45 rather than â€Å"a quarter to eleven.† However, the word bn (Ã¥ Å ), which means â€Å"half,† is often used for 30 minutes past the hour.   Examples Now that you know your numbers and some basic time-telling vocabulary, lets put it all together. What can you say when someone asks you ç  ¾Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥ ¹ ¾Ã© »Å¾Ã¤ ºâ€  Xinzi jÄ « diÇŽn le, or What time is it? 10:30Ã¥  Ã© »Å¾Ã¥ Å  / Ã¥  Ã© »Å¾Ã¤ ¸â€°Ã¥  Ã¥Ë†â€  shà ­ diÇŽn bn / shà ­ diÇŽn sÄ n shà ­ fÄ“n11:00Ã¥  Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã© »Å¾Ã© Ëœ shà ­ yÄ « diÇŽn zhÃ… ng12:15Ã¥  Ã¤ ºÅ'é »Å¾Ã¥  Ã¤ ºâ€Ã¥Ë†â€  shà ­ à ¨r diÇŽn shà ­ wÇ” fÄ“n1:00ä ¸â‚¬Ã© »Å¾Ã© Ëœ yÄ « diÇŽn zhÃ… ng3:20ä ¸â€°Ã© »Å¾Ã¤ ºÅ'Ã¥  Ã¥Ë†â€  sÄ n diÇŽn à ¨r shà ­ fÄ“n5:55ä ºâ€Ã© »Å¾Ã¤ ºâ€Ã¥  Ã¤ ºâ€Ã¥Ë†â€  wÇ” diÇŽn wÇ” shà ­ wÇ” fÄ“n8:00 in the morningæâ€" ©Ã¤ ¸Å Ã¥â€¦ «Ã© »Å¾ zÇŽo shang bÄ  diÇŽn2:00 in the afternoonä ¸â€¹Ã¥ Ë†Ã¥â€¦ ©Ã© »Å¾ xi wÇ” liÇŽng diÇŽn9:05 in the evening晚ä ¸Å Ã¤ ¹ Ã© »Å¾Ã¤ ºâ€Ã¥Ë†â€  wÇŽn shang jiÇ” diÇŽn wÇ” fÄ“n

Roman Fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Roman Fashion - Essay Example The essay "Roman Fashion" discovers the fashion history in Rome. Due to lifestyle developments, individuals and societies have learned to use their clothing, with the aid of other decorations, as a form of nonverbal expression of their personality, occupation, status, and affiliation. Fashion refers to the way of carrying and styling these clothing with accessories, hairstyle, adornment and body art. Fashion does not merely converse individual identity in such a way that it instantly let other people see and understand a person, as it may speak of plain sophistication or even a personal rage, moreover, it demonstrate a social perception. This is greatly evident in the way fat women were once considered beautiful whereas current fashion trend have somehow made a vast promotion of diet, exercise and even surgery with its picture of beauty as being slim. A person can be identified to a certain tribe, organization or field of work by merely looking at his/her wardrobe. Attires may explai n a person’s role, may she be a housewife or a company manager. It can be a mode of displaying once wealth as well as poverty. As Thorstein Veblen, an economist of the book The Theory of the Leisure Class, has wrote â€Å"†¦our apparel is always in evidence and affords an indication of our pecuniary standing to all observers at first glance... â€Å". With its vast influence, stating all its implications would be a tedious job, if not impossible. Fashion has become so powerful that it can imply almost anything related to human. Costume and fashion, collectively, refers to manner and style of clothing. It is considered an art that decodes personality or culture at any particular time. With pictorial arts, costumes and fashion have revealed much of the history. It had managed to explain social transformation from the very remote past to the most current civilization. CHAPTER 1 ROMAN CLASSIC "From the Hellenistic Era to present day, fashion fads and statements evolved from similar backgrounds to make styles that seem new, but are really just "doctored-up" versions that can be traced back to the times of ancient Rome" (R.W.) Roman people have applied their creativity in every aspect of their lives including manner of clothing. Their garments were simple as it were basically made of wool with minimal use of stitch. Variations have eventually existed due to social status. Safety pins and knots give various shapes to their garments and undergarments; hence they have to designate a different name for each particular design. Toga was once the basic Roman garment for both men and women (Figure 1). Eventually women's clothing has to be made distinct. Similar to Greek himation, though much larger and more complicated in its draping. Toga's size and shape indicates social position. It is usually made of white wool and undecorated but had later been elaborated with gold embroidery during the late Empire. Tunica serves as their under garments for both men and women (Fig. 2). It resembles that of the reeks which were sleeveless. It is made of two wide cloths having sewn almost to the top leaving enough space for the armholes and neckline. It is fastened with pins or buttons and then held with a belt. Women's tunica are usual fuller and longer. As a symbol of decency and honor, married women wear stola (Fig. 2). Apart from its rectangular shape, it is a sleeveless tunic that resembles a toga which is a long wide cloth. It is a long garment that drapes around the body covering

Characteristics of a Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Characteristics of a Problem - Essay Example Problems are always complex dealing with the interrelation of variables and not solely focused on one entity. And lastly, problems deals with time consideration as there is a certain time frame which they should be solved before they get worse. In our workplace, there has been a problem of motivation in the sales department. This problem presented itself in unmet sales quotas and the prevalent absenteeism among account executives. Inefficient motivation strategies were firs unclear as the sales manager was unaware of what is really happening with his sales team. Secondly, she knew that there is a certain goal which should be met—high profitability—yet was unsure whether to change compensation scheme in order to provide higher benefits to employees. This option might have motivated the sales team but will cause ballooning of costs. This shows the complexity which underlies the problem. Lastly, as the level of sales was monitored monthly, there is a pressure for the manager to act immediately to solve the situation. 2. How should a problem be investigated and identified? What are five steps to be considered while framing a problem? Provide us a problem which you could apply this process to. Be specific. (200 words) There are five steps which should be considered in solving problems: identify the problem; evaluate alternatives; select alternatives; implement the solution; and evaluate the results. This systematic way of framing a problem is commonly considered whether in business organizations, home or school. An application of this approach can be seen in a company which is contemplating in bringing its product into the global market instead of just selling them in the local market. Suppose that the problem is where to take the product considering the slowdown in stable economies like US and Europe. The company then evaluates available alternatives by looking at market

Intergrated Project Deliver at Autodesk, Inc. Essay Example for Free

Intergrated Project Deliver at Autodesk, Inc. Essay When working at any company or organization, communication is the key issue in starting up a project. Whenever you being a project, the first step would how to communicate with the team member you will be working with. Bernstein and his team have completed an important project within the budget, timeline, and scope. In this paper, I will discuss the vision statement, and briefly discuss the following: * Generated for the project scope. * Examine how Phil Bernstein foster high levels of performance for the project * Illustrates the unsuccessful tactics to inspire the team to greater heights * Create my own approach to managing this project. Phil Bernstein is the project leader for IPD, and the construction project at AEC headquarters. Bernstein and his team shall develop, and implementing a shared vision that will help motivate, and inspire the team to work hard to make the project a success. The vision needs to include AEC’s communication for the workplace to demonstrating the importance of creativity and innovation. When starting the vision statement it should be simple, and expresses the aspirations and goals of a company or organization. When developing a vision statement this gives the members of the organization or project team the chance to come together to look at areas of expertise, and decide on the future of the project. The project is to use the Autodesk Inc. that produces software for architecture, engineering, and construction, to create a non-traditional office building using 3D technology. The project is to use the conduction of the new headquarters as an opportunity for its Solutions Division to combine the latest software capabilities into building information modeling with an emerging paradigm called integrated project delivery (Edmondson Rashid, 2009). The project will use the  IPD method to foster communication among all stakeholders during the early stages of the project. To foster higher levels of performance, Bernstein will ensure the project design qualities stayed supported with the project goals and budget constraints. This particular project is critical that no team member lag behind in providing the desired output. In the case study, it was demonstrated when the project management team has to make the choice to terminate a vendor who was working on the Customer Briefing Center ceiling. The vendor was initially hired because of the building information model capabilities and experience working on the bench mark projects. The team later learned that the vendor would not be able to build nor install the ceiling within the budget that was given for that portion of the project. The team came together and decided the issue and came to a conclusion to relieve the vendor of his duties. The team decided to hire another vendor to perform the duties. The vendor that the team hired lacked the technical skills that the previous one attained, but the new vendor would be able to deliver the project on time and within the budget. Being able to deliver on time and within budget is the ideal for majority of project done. Another example of fostering higher level performance is when the team members are able to communicate and set goals to meet the objectives of integrated project delivery. The managers should empower other team members with decision making responsibilities. It is not noted throughout the case that there are critical decision that must be made. The executives should feel confident that they hired the right people to make decisions and not be afraid to take the necessary risk to ensure the project stays on track. To ensure that integrated project delivery works effectively the project implementation team must have the right mind set. Illustrate his unsuccessful tactics to inspire the team to greater heights Bernstein illustrated unsuccessful tactics when there appeared to be trouble with the contingency. Bernstein decided that for all future projects he will not include any savings from the contingency as part of the compensation structure. According to the case study, it appeared that contingency was a bad idea, because it is not in sync with the integrated project delivery (Harvard Business School, p.70). Integrated project delivery is emerging as the way to organize project teams to achieve a lean construction at a time when the industry is searching for ways to eliminate  waste, cut costs, improve productivity, and create positive outcomes (Carbasho, 2008). The reason Bernstein wants to use this practice, because it generally fosters collaboration amongst the team by integrating all the stakeholders regardless of the levels. Bernstein understands that developing rapport early in the project will enhance the outcome. Bernstein also recognized that there was a problem with the contingency idea because the team wanted to ensure that if the project saved money they wanted to include it in the contingency compensation. The team wanted to include the money in the compensation package because at the end of the project the money can potentially be used as incentives, and could be divided among the team player. Bernstein decided that maintaining contingency within the compensation package was not worth the trouble, some members agreed with Bernstein while other believed if the scope of the contract was defined more accurately the contingency issue may not be problematic. Bernstein decision to keep the two funds separate created some conflict among the team. This type of decision and tension of maintaining a separate contingency was not favorable with the integrated project delivery approach to foster, nor promote open sharing of information. One member believed that having the members of the team mutually accountable is worth a whole lot more than the cost of sharing a few dollars (Edmondson Rashid, 2009). The approach that would be used to manage this project would be similar to the current approach. The integrated project delivery method would appear to be the most logical and cost effective. The idea of integrating all stakeholders at one time does not appear to be anything new that project managers have not used previously. Although there were barriers along the way, this approach seemed to work. The project finished on time and was recognized for its efforts by the American Institute of Architects (Edmondson Rashid, 2009). As a project manager the first collaboration and task amongst the team members would be to establish a vision statement, which involves creating a view of the desired results of your projects, which is normally shared by all stakeholders. Without a vision it would be difficult to continue on with the project of this size. The integrated approach focuses on what is commonly known as the core group of the project such as: the owner, contractor and architect/designer this type of approach can be applied well beyond three main stakeholders aforementioned. The use of the  major stakeholders is a reasonable approach however this approach will also include other important team members who will be as important to ensure the project’s success. By continuing to use the IPD approach shall allow the owners to openly share the project information. It will also streamline the project communication which allows them to effectively balance the project options to meet their business enterprise goals. By using the integrated delivery approach it will strengthen the project teams, and understanding the owner’s desired outcome. The IPD approach will include the contractors, one of the core members that will allow them to contribute their expertise in construction techniques early in the design process resulting in improving project quality and financial performance during the construction phrase. By using the contractors during the designing phase will help with pre-construction planning and understanding the design. As a project manager, one would realize that understanding the design is crucial for this project, because if something goes wrong it could be very costly. Using the architectures or designers as part of the process is another one of those early benefits such as accurate budget estimates to make informed design decision and the pre-construction resolution of design related issues resulting in improved quality and financial performance. They usually bring some of the same qualities as the contractor but from a different perspective. The IPD approach is the desired method that should be used because it’s known to be built on trust and early involvement by more parties. As we all have learned throughout this course, developing trust among the team members encourage people to focus on project outcomes versus individual goals. The project lifecycle will be included with the IPD approach as part of the standard procedures. Reference Carbasho, T. (2008). Integrated Project Delivery Improves Efficiency streamlines construction. Retrieved from htt://www.tradelineinc.com/reports/0A03D1C0-2B3B-B5252-85702EDF900F61 Edmondson, A.C. Rashid, F.(2009) Integrated Project Delivery at Autodesk, Inc. Boston: Boston, MA: Harvard Business Publishing. Lewis, J. (2003). Project leadership: Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill

Gladiatorial Contest In Rome Essay example -- essays research papers

Gladiatorial Contest in Rome   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rome was a warrior state. Since the state was a great fighting state in their time, the wars sort of formed the gladiatorial contest in ancient Rome. The Romans were fascinated and pleasured by violence, bloodshed, and human suffering the gladiatorial games.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The gladiatorial contests began at the reign of their first emperor Augustus to pay tribute to their warrior traditions. The Romans built artificial battlefields within amphitheaters in cities and towns for public entertainment. It is very obvious that gladiatorial contest were important because of the enormous size of the amphitheaters.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In A.D. 80, the Colosseum, which seated fifty thousand people, was used to accompany a hundred days of games. On one of the days three thousand men fought and on another day nine thousand animals were killed. The public killings of men and animals were a Roman rite believing that this was a religious sacrifice.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Everyone in Rome was not entertained by these barbaric acts. The philosophers and Christians lobbied against such events. To little effect the gladiatorial games continued until the early fifth century A.D. and wild-beast killings went on until the sixth century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Evidence suggests that the contest was part of the Roman funeral process. A Christian critic named Tertullian at the end of the second century wrote, â€Å"Once upon a time, men believed that the souls of the dead were propitiated by human blood, and so at the funerals they sacrificed prisoners of war of slaves of poor quality bought for the purpose.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 246 B.C., two nobles in honor of their deceased father, held the first recorded gladiatorial event with only six gladiators. But over the next two hundred years, the contests started to become common and gain popularity resulting in the increase of gladiatorial shows. An example of a gladiatorial show was in 46 B.C. when Julius Caesar dedicated the games to his dead daughter and the victory over Gaul and Egypt. Caesar didn’t have only the traditional individual fights, but also he had fights between whole detachments of an infantry and between squadrons of cavalry who were mounted on horses and elephants. The games consisted of professional gladiato... ...ll of the animals were killed for entertainment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gladiators were heroes to their culture. Even though most of the gladiators were slaves, women were attracted to them. But gladiators were also degraded by society. They were not allowed to be buried in normal burial grounds.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Women also fought in gladiatorial games also. The women fought in the arena were men fought. An example of women fighting was found on a small stone relief, depicting two female gladiators, with one breast bare, called Amazon an Achillia. Sports today are on a much milder basis than gladiatorial games in ancient Rome. Today those type of games would be considered insane, but for Rome this was part of their religion and probably the most entertaining shows they had. Boxing and hunting presents violence similar to the gladiatorial games, but I don’t think it is as barbaric. For instance, boxers don’t fight to the death, only 12 rounds, and hunters can only kill plentiful animals, such as, deer and ducks during certain times of the year. Between these two different society, violence is proved to be the number one entertainment source in the two cultures.

A warm welcome to BN2102 Bioengineering data analysis Essay

Understand the statistical analysis that commonly accompanies publication of experimental data in scientific literature.   Perform the appropriate statistical analysis for a given set of experimental data. Estimate a parameter of interest by performing a suitable fitting to a set of experimental data. Create a suitable mathematical model based on the available experimental data. The module is divided in two parts. The first part will be taught by Chen Peiyi of the Department of Statistics and Applied Probability while the second part will be taught by Dr Alberto Corrias of the Department of Bioengineering. Some of the sessions will be conducted in the computer cluster rooms (block E2, level 3). For those sessions, the class is divided in 4 groups. Please check the IVLE to see which group you belong to and the Lesson Plan to check the exact locations and timings. The assessment is a combination of Continuous Assessment (CA) and final exam a s follows: CA of part 1: 20% CA of part 2: 20% Final exam: 60% The nature of the CA will be specified by each lecturer in due course. The final exam will be closed book. No aid†sheet will be allowed. Statistical tables will be provided if necessary. Please bring your calculator, however please note that programmable calculators will NOT be allowed. We hope you will enjoy BN2102! Best wishes, The teaching staff.

Design of a steel skew cantilever followed by construction and testing to destruction

Design of a steel skew cantilever followed by construction and testing to destruction. Analysis and improvements section included. Aiming for minimum weight and structural costs, while achieving a working load of 1kN and a failure load of 2kN. Statement of the Problem: To design and build a steel skew cantilever that is required to show no visible deformation at a vertical working load of 1000N and to fail at 2000N. The objective is to design a structure that satisfies the loading conditions, while keeping weight to a minimum and maintaining design simplicity; to reduce drawing and fabrication time, and making the structure more predictable through analysis. The load is at a horizontal distance of 815mm from a rigid vertical plate. The line of action of the load is 407mm to the right of the normal to the wall through the centre of the main plate when viewed from the front of the main plate. The load is applied through a rig with a 13mm diameter bolt. The main plate has 4 pairs of M6 tapped holes to which the structure may be attached. Designs Considered: The main design considered apart from the 4 main member triangulated cantilever, was based around a 3 main member design with cross bracing shown in the diagram to the right. The advantage of this structure is a reduction in weight, holes and rivets thus a huge reduction in cost. However, the design that we came up with was too difficult to analyse and predict during in failure, due to the side planes not being vertical. Also, construction would have been quite difficult because all cross braces would have to attach to the main members at an angle, thus additional plates would have be constructed which would have raised the price dramatically. The other design considered was based on the 4 main member design but flipped upside down. However, this would mean that the compression member would be comparatively long, increasing the need for cross bracing due to potential buckling. Thus the structure would be no better than the one we have selected only it would cost more due to the additional cross bracing. The box design was considered, however, it is not very suitable for a skew cantilever as construction would be immensely hard. Design considerations: The rig to which the structure was to be attached was inspected to see whether the load plate would fit and to get a general feel for the vertical constraints of the jack. To prevent a bending moment within the structure, lines of actions of forces in members must cross at a point. Hence in the drawings, lines of actions for every joint are shown to meet at a point within the material. For single cross braces, this line of action is 3/4 of the way in from the edge parallel with the edge. To make members act as though they were in mode B, the struts had to be rivet together. This was done 40mm from the edges of the struts in question and subsequently the remaining length was divided up into 3 sections at which the boundary of each division was riveted. This was performed on all the double angled struts. Where possible, the struts coming into connecting plates were made to touch the plate with their edge so that they would be transferring their load in a more direct manner. We attempted to make the base as wide as possible, for stability hence the connecting plates should go up to the edge of the main plate. Construction Phase: The base was the first thing to be constructed as it was easier than the upper members, thus by the time it had been built, experience had been gained and could applied to a more complex construction step (the upper members). The upper members were then constructed and both sets were fitted to the base plate. An additional plate was put in between the connecting plate and the main plate for the tension members to prevent the bolts from tearing out. The partially completed structure was taken to the measurement deck, where the alignment was checked. It was within 5mm in respect to the horizontal plane, thus we could slightly bias connections so that the alignment became closer to about 3mm. It was then noted that the rig that would connect the load to the load plate needed the load plate to have parallel edges, thus a double bend and an extension of 40mm in the load plate was required to allowed the rig to connect to the load plate. See right hand page for diagram. The load plate was then attached and the structure was checked that it aligned to about 3mm. The cross braces were than fabricated and attached. An attempt was made to work efficiently during construction, my laboratory partner and I finished with 6 hours to spare. Modifications: To M4 bolts were used to help keep the two sections of the load plate in alignment to achieve ease of rig attachment. These are attached as shown on the diagram to the right. A small cross brace was also placed between the two tension members at the top to attempt to prevent rotation of the structure. See right for the diagram. Also there was not enough space for the smallest cross brace connecting the compression members, thus it was not included. Some minor changes in the lengths of some of the members was required to improve alignment. Also some edges of struts had to be cut so that they could rest flat against others to transfer load more effectively. Cost and Mass of Structure: The mass was 2.52kg, which is heavy in comparison to the other groups, but not the heaviest. The material cost was 120.5 and the labour cost was 282 giving a total of 452.5, once again the cost ranked high amongst the other groups. However, considering the magnitude of the mass, if the cost saving strategies had not been applied then the cost would have been about 30 higher. These cost saving techniques consisted of using a hole to not only mount the members to connecting sheet metal but also a cross brace, thus saving a rivet, a hole and some time during fabrication. Depending on the forces, this technique could be slight disadvantage, the joint would now be in double sheer, and the rivet would be under greater loading. However, this effect would be small due to the small forces in the cross braces. Test results and Observations: The structure had a very slight amount of visible deformation at the working load of 1kN, and finally failed at 2.57kN. This was mainly due to the rightmost (looking at the front plate) compression member 5 buckling inwards at a position closer to the wall than the intersection between member 10 and 11. Another noted deformation was that the metal plates (A and B) connecting the main plate to the compression members had been bent inwards towards the main plate as the corners of the A and B were not touching the main plate. This meant that as the compression force in member 10 and 11 grew the force on the corner increased and cause deformation of the connecting plate. If the buckling in the compression member had not occurred, it would be conceivable that this would be the next location for failure. Suggested Modifications to Improve Performance: Using another cross brace in a sense parallel to the main plate between the lower main compression members 10 and 11 would have prevented the buckling that caused the main failure from occurring. The geometry of the proposed cross brace would force the member to become stockier thus its critical stress would be much higher, allowing us to once again us mode A with a 9.5mm by 9.5mm of thickness 0.8mm. If the holes for the bent plates that connects the main compression members 3 and 5 to the main plate were moved such that the corner of the connecting plate lay within the normal of the edge of the main plate, then this would reduce deformation of the connecting plate and hence the structure. If these connecting bent plates were to be the first point of failure, the modifications described would increase the failure load by postponing the tearing of the connecting plates. Conclusions: The main failure as discussed was mode B buckling of the longest compression member due to insufficient cross bracing. It would be interesting to rebuild the cantilever with the improvements and even have an entire redesign. One can learn many things from analyzing a failure. For example how to improve the structure and more importantly how to go about design in the first place.

LeBanze Automotive Company

LeBanze Automotive Company Introduction The company will be called the LeBanze Automotive Company. The mission of the company is to provide customized SUV and pickup trucks that are affordable and very durable.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on LeBanze Automotive Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The business strategy will be marke-oriented strategies such as product proliferation, product modification, and product diversification to meet the market demand. The business intends to penetrate the Gulf automotive market within one year. This analytical treatise attempts to explicitly review the concepts of the organizational chart, supply chain, and efficiency in the business plan for the LeBanze Automotive Company. The purpose of this business proposal is to describe the business type, its aims and objectives, the main activities, location, unique selling point, the reasons for creating this company, market environment, business needs, as well as rationale for the business, target market, customers, and key competitors. The business is called the LeBanze Automotive Company and it is established as a private company in order to meet local market demand for the sports utility vehicles in the Middle Eastern Block. The core business sector is the motor vehicle manufacturing industry, which also focuses on designing and creativity to customize SUVs to clients, especially in the UAE and the rest of the Gulf region. Business Idea and Main Activities The LeBanze Automotive Company business will be established to address all needs of the SUV market in the UAE where the customers would be capable of purchasing their required vehicles from its outlets.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, they will get the facility to order by using the company’s web portal in which the company will delive r the vehicles within a reasonable period. The owners have already established a strong network within the UAE and the rest of the Gulf region. The product line of the business will consist of a variety of off-road vehicles with specially integrated characteristics to mitigate physical problems like inbuilt communication unit challenges, stronger chassis, and quality part. Aims and Objectives The aim of formulating this business is to sell SUV products to local businesses and private customers. However, it has aimed to introduce an online platform to attract the modern customers and to become a profitable company by the end of the first year of operation. At the same time, this business is committed to provide quality products and outstanding customer care services to solve dilemmas and to please the clients. On the other hand, the LeBanze Automotive Company has long-term objectives, such as, expansion of business in the customized SUV market, and vertical integration and merger wit h different companies to enter new market within the next five years of operation. However, the key objectives of this automotive business are: To boost its profit margin per year by 8% and to start new services from the second year of the business operation. At the same time, the owners have some commitment to save the environment of the indigenous Middle Eastern Blocklocality. Therefore, it will introduce environment-friendly operational activities from the third year of the operation, such as hybrid and pure electric SUVs. The owners will allocate 10% of the total profit for the marketing activity as it plays a vital role to increase sales revenue. Business Location The business will need to find out an appropriate business location in the United Arab Emirates for setting up the SUV distribution centre and carrying out the operation profitably.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on LeBanze Automotive Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/pa ge Learn More However, in this context, it is essential to argue that the owners of this new business will have to survey the market of that location carefully in order to recognize and better understand the business atmosphere, traditions, demography, people, customers’ and attitudes in order to run the operations successfully. The store will be situated in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, where the clients will get accessible transportation services. The company will then roll out smaller stores across the Middle Eastern Block. A good position will make sure that the business will run profitably with a good flow of patrons, as people would be better aware of its location. Unique Selling Points for the LeBanze Automotive Company The owners and marketers of the LeBanze Automotive Company will adopt five-stage processes in order to assess the business because banks are unresponsive to invest a large amount for the projects viewed as non-viable. The LeBanze Automoti ve Company team will identify unique characteristics of their SUVs by comparing with the SUVs of the competitors, assess the emotional demand from the perspective of the customers, and find out the limitations of the competitors. These procedures will help the management to avoid risks of investment to some extent. The business will design a unique campaign plan to aware to move forward as well as gain competitive advantages in the UAE’s SUV market (Arabian Gulf’s consumer spending boom par. 5). Industry Analysis of the LeBanze Automotive Company Macro-environmental analysis The macro-environment analysis studies external forces whose influence in one way or the other affects the performance of the LeBanze Automotive Company in particular. Players in any business industry often lack the ability to control these external forces.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Political environment The closer economic relations in the Gulf region will benefit the LeBanze Automotive Company’s business performance for a long time. The country enjoys political stability, which is a perfect environment for doing business. This is a good assurance for shareholders, both domestic and foreign, that their investment is safe and it is an incentive to them to add even more (Arabian Gulf’s consumer spending boom par. 5). With continued political stability, the LeBanze Automotive Company is poised to grow and expand even more as many investors are assured of safety in the event that they decide to put their money into the venture. Economic factors The Gulf region offers an economically sound environment that is good for business activity. The World Bank acknowledged UAE as a rich country in 2005 while the country’s GDP hit the $ 1 trillion mark in 2006. The UAE economy has one of the highest Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in the world. The country has little inflation and interest rates with one of the best infrastructures in the world. UAE’s stable economy with the high living standards of her population portends a lucrative market for LeBanze Automotive Company’s business performance. More citizens of the UAE and the Gulf region have a high demand for SUVs due to the country’s high per capita income. UAE’s improved demand for SUVs will prove substantial for the overall performance of the LeBanze Automotive Company. Technological factors The LeBanze Automotive Company may invest heavily in information communication technology as it aims at improving service delivery and customer satisfaction. The online purchase portal is as a result of the company’s initiative. The Service Oriented Architecture is yet another technological initiative by the LeBanze Automotive Company which will enable the company management to monitor general trends in performance at a glance and spot out any existing bot tlenecks that could be slowing down business. The speed with which this happens helps the management to put corrective measures in place that eventually averts losses or negative growth. These technological advances will attract more customers to the company due to the improved efficiency with which clients are being attended to. Legal factors The LeBanze Automotive Company will be a registered business entity that is licensed to operate UAE. The company will remit taxes to both governments as a legal requirement and the funds go a long way to finance activities such as building and improving infrastructure, financing public goods paying salaries and buying necessities such as medicines. As a legal requirement, the company is expected by the regulatory authorities to be tax compliant. The fees are remitted directly to the government of Abu Dhabi. In the UAE laws of commerce, certificate of compliance for taxes are issued to business that remits their returns accurately form which ta xes are deducted (Arabian Gulf’s consumer spending boom par. 5). Micro-environmental analysis Industry competitiveness analysis using Porter’s five forces model Threat to market entry It is difficult for any aspiring automotive company to enter into the industry in the UAE market and manage to break even more comfortable. In UAE, the LeBanze Automotive Company’s business magnitude together with that of its main competitors such as Toyota and Nissan are well established and would easily enjoy economies of scale to the disadvantage of a new entrant. It would require massive capital for an aspiring investor to outperform their business prowess. The LeBanze Automotive Company is well-positioned to survive in the competitive market through gaining from economies of scale, competitive price tags, and reliable customer base in the UAE and other Gulf nations (Arabian Gulf’s consumer spending boom par. 5). Threat of substitutes Toyota and Nissan automotive compani es pose the greatest danger to LeBanze Automotive Company’s existence and business performance. These companies have been in the industry for a more extended period and are well established than the LeBanze Automotive Company. The Toyota and Nissan companies have the same products as the LeBanze Automotive Company and sometimes offer significant discounts to customers. In the UAE automotive industry, loyalty to a brand plays a vital role in customer behaviour. Therefore, Toyota and Nissan brands have the ability to offer an alternative perfect substitute to customers who may be unsatisfied with the SUVs offered at the LeBanze Automotive Company. Unsatisfied customers, therefore, have other alternatives from where they can get the SUVs. However, in order to remain relevant, the LeBanze Automotive Company has established a unique market for its customer through customised optometry SUVs. Power of suppliers Suppliers in the UAE automotive industry have more power owing to the ex istence of many SUV brands. As a matter of fact, suppliers may instigate market demand and supply variances. This leaves the suppliers with the power to dictate on proceedings in the industry, such as the market prices and distribution logistics. However, the LeBanze Automotive Company has endeavoured to use its deep reservoirs as a strategy for balancing the supply forces in the fragile SUV market of the UAE and other Gulf nations (Arabian Gulf’s consumer spending boom par. 7). Power of buyers Reflectively, the amount of output in terms of turning over sales depends on the buyers’ purchasing power. The higher the purchasing power, the better the turnover in total sales realised over a definite period. The LeBanze Automotive Company’s performance in the UAE depends highly on the ability of the SUV users. On the other hand, unreliable and weak purchasing power translates into losses and underperformance of the company. The management must, therefore, do everythin g within their means to ensure that service delivery and quality of the SUVs meets the expectations of customers (Barringer and Duane 34). The purchasing power determines profitability and probability of survival of a business in the short and long term. If buyers feel dissatisfied because of poor SUV product, they can easily opt to acquire the same SUVs from rival automotives, thus losing out on business opportunities for the LeBanze Automotive Company. Rivalry There are several automotive companies operating in the same industry with virtually all of them dealing with a variety of the SUV products. For instance, the Toyota Company provides the biggest competition to the LeBanze Automotive Company due to its most significant market share and expanded network standing at 30% (Barringer and Duane 34). With many customers looking for good value for their money, the quality of the SUVs has remained the main basis upon which customers are making their final decision to purchase in the U AE and other Gulf nations. All the players in the industry are putting measures in place to ensure they attract more customers and therefore expand their market share. In line with this, the LeBanze Automotive Company’s Abu Dhabi branch will be the most significant and busiest SUV retail store. The LeBanze Automotive Company’s business strategy Cost Leadership Strategy Cost leadership strategy is vital in business management especially in an industry with stiff competition. Reflectively, the concept, as proposed by Porter, is a mean of establishing a sustainable competitive advantage over other player in the industry. The LeBanze Automotive Company has adopted the cost leadership strategy to improve its efficiency through streamlining operations. As a result, this venture has developed a cumulative experience, optimal performance, quality assurance, and is in full control of their operational chains. In order to cut down the cost of production and marketing, the compan y has embraced the modern technology in its online sales, human resource management, purchasing, and dispatch departments. The company has entered into a partnership with dealerships rather than engaging its resources in obtaining raw materials and selling to its customers. As a result, the general overhead cost of operation has been reduced substantially. Also, the company has opted for diversification and expansion of stores in order to gain from economies of scale as the overall turnover grows. As a result, issues of underperformance have been minimized substantially. At present, this company produces the best quality packaging of its customized automotive products at the lowest possible price despite the high quality since production is done in mass. Besides, the company has introduced a series of efficiency monitoring systems such as performance valuation, efficiency in production, target management, and electronic purchasing, which has greatly reduced labour cost. These ventur es aim at enabling the company to optimise profits through efficiency in production, sales, accountability, and use of company resources while maintaining quality (Barringer and Duane 34). Benefits and Suitability of the Cost Leadership Strategy Efficiency monitoring in distribution, sales, cash flow management, labour, and diversification as employed by the LeBanze Automotive Company is particularly suitable for the firm as it is more of a precautionary measure that shields the firm from effects of redundancy and underutilization of production variables. Despite rivalry in the SUV industry, the LeBanze Automotive Company has been in a position to monitor all its operation chains and periodically evaluate the same as a means of reducing overhead cost due to underutilization, poor balancing, and unaccountability (Trassard par. 5). As a result, the LeBanze Automotive Company has managed to transform its portfolio and capital structure by 18% since most of operation lines are optimally utilized. Consumer Analysis The LeBanze Automotive Company products target male and female clients in the middle and high end of the economic ladder. This group is characterized by high disposable income and high demand for luxury vehicles that attest to their social status (Barringer and Duane 22). Despite the fact that the market for the SUVs has been in existence for a long time, there are very few companies that offer the customized SUVs that satisfy the demands of this class of clients in the Gulf region. This group is further divided into customers in the age group of late thirties who are the primary users of the SUVs and customers in the age group of twenties who are in the minority segment in terms of demands for the LeBanze Automotive Company. Due to exposure to information sources such as newspapers, television, radio, and magazines, product announcement through these avenues and word of mouth does come in handy. The decision on the best product, therefore, rely on the i nformation on multiple exposures to different competing products. In order to diversify market operations, the LeBanze Automotive Company has created multiple SUV products from the same product with different coloration, sizes, and customisation. This has created an environment of their competition and blocks other competitors from invading into the company’s customized cycles market. These sub-products are differentiated by features, prices, and the difference in quality. As forecasted in the market research, this strategy has been successful towards dominance as it offers a variety of options to consumers, while at the same time, maximizing benefits of economies of scale in the Europe market (Barringer and Duane 31). The same should be adopted in the expansion strategy towards the Gulf region. Market strategy and rationale From the above analysis, it is apparent that the company may gain in the Gulf market. Among the market strategies, the company should adopt include produ ct proliferation, product development, and market foresight. Reflectively, product proliferation as a strategy is the same as strategies that companies adopt to create opaque barriers for their competitors. Through this approach, the market share leader will automatically have the discretion to reap maximum benefits ahead of its closest competitors. For instance, this strategy will be beneficial for the company when it became the first company in the Gulf region to provide customized SUVs(Arabian Gulf’s consumer spending boom par. 7). Product development entails the innovation process aimed at modelling the existing product or improving on it to balance with the changing preferences of the customers. As a result, the older version will be phased out of the market as preferences change. The company should model itself as the leading company in the Gulf SUV industry in terms of design and innovation. The company will benefit from this strategy in terms of market expansion, espe cially among its early adopter customers. The product development variables at the company are connected at the central point of strategic planning which encompasses cost, speed, quality, flexibility, and dependability create a smooth continuous operation tracking model that operates like a computer from one segment to another. Therefore, the major part of the success puzzle for operations implementation management strategy delivery operates on the periphery of the soft skills involving  the timeless vision of organizational principles, defining value of the business, determining requirements, clarifying the concept, building teams, mitigating task, resolving issues, and providing direction as incorporated in the operations management system of the company in the European market. The company has developed a highly structured marketing distribution channel that operates independently. Foresight is very crucial since it gives a company rough perspective and an overview of the future concerning the expected and unexpected changes and challenges (Barringer and Duane 41). Therefore, the company should carefully examine and evaluate their past and endeavour to adopt relevant skills that will be relevant for future challenges and responsibilities in the Gulf market. In the quest for internationalisation, the company should opt for the use of local labour as a strategy to include in the management team members from the countries of operation through training of young and talented managers who are skillful. Besides, the company should embrace the need for the creation of an integrated structure to absorb company goals and those that favour business in the branches that will operate in the Gulf region (Arabian Gulf’s consumer spending boom par. 7). Therefore this strategy was very crucial, especially in the forecast of future direction as the foreign markets are used for customisation and the introduction of unique aspects in the automotive industry. As a strat egy aimed at keeping customers, the process embraced corporate social responsibility in the foreign markets such as sponsorship of education products and partnership with the local medical societies. Benchmarking Competition in relation to Toyota Company Situation at the LeBanze Automotive Company Globalisation has created a serious impact on the automotive sector with an innovative and deviating period of organisational, economic activities including the development of technology, increasing market demand, production and workflow, investment and trade patterns, competition among the rival companies, as well as two facing the threats of global financial. With lean production and outsourcing, the automotive parts industry is increasingly important for global production chains. The LeBanze Automotive Company is going over to modular assembly in which the main components manufacturer coordinates the design manufacture and installation of the major parts or systems of the car or truck. The value chain of the industry may suffer from declining wage rate due to competitive pressures in less developed countries with comparatively lower per-capita income. This is the situation that the company is facing. Situation at the Toyota Company In the case of Toyota, globalisation flourished in the nineties through FDI flow, production in other countries rather than the home and through its internationalisation strategy during the seventies and eighties with a successful record of accomplishment. Toyota introduced its overseas production in Australia in 1963, Thailand in 1964, New Zealand in 1966, Peru in 1969, and Indonesia in 1970 while the company engaged with 52 overseas production factories in 2006. Toyota Motor views globalisation as a more efficient way to address a future aspect in advance, including spreading unpredicted risks and prospects. Thus, the Toyota Companyposes the highest threat towards the survival of the company in the Gulf region. Solution to the above s ituational analysis As the international automotive market is getting more and more competitive in terms of producing environment-friendly products and capture the market as well, the LeBanze Automotive Company should recheck the strategy of the competitors to develop a product range. It should develop an integrated marketing communication system in order to inform people about the positive side of Eco-friendly cars for the environment within the Gulf region. Also, the LeBanze Automotive Company should increase expenditures for the RD than the previous year, which would help to produce new Eco-friendly, creative, and differentiated vehicles. The LeBanze Automotive Company needs to increase its integrated marketing communication effort to aware customers about the positive side of its products and the importance to use of Eco-friendly products to reduce global warming within the Gulf region. Conclusion As the Gulf governments seek to re-invent their economies and restore investorsâ⠂¬â„¢ confidence, the Gulf market currently enjoys a relatively peaceful and economically stable business environment. Factually, the Gulf region seems to be embracing the spirit of globalisation and economic liberalization with an upbeat positive mood of better focused economic growth accompanied by the development. Thus, it is recommended that the LeBanze Automotive Company should maximize the available opportunity to establish a structurally feasible marketing program as it has the advantage of knowledge on the Gulf market segmentation and demand trends. In line with periodic marketing analysis, the entry should be fast-tracked within not more than 18 months. For various reasons, the sales of the SUVs and the tracks would be best done by salespersons of the Asian native. This will increase the chances of credibility and ease of the interpersonal variables during product promotion and provision. The company can hire Asian salespersons and orient them on the product’s featur es and production processes and later send them as representative of the LeBanze Automotive Company in the Gulf region. At this stage, it would be necessary to encourage and facilitate the company-agent relationship which has been found to go a long way in the creation of a healthy trade environment. The automotive products of the LeBanze Automotive Company need to be integrated into the achievement of various organizational goals through the distribution processes to ensure that the products reach all designated customers within a reasonable period. Correspondingly, the LeBanze Automotive Company may seek to offer different packages for its products and other associated services so that all customers are integrated into the marketing plan. Besides, the plan should offer a variety of different distribution channels that will be vital in the attraction of new customers within the Gulf region. Arabian Gulf’s consumer spending boom to sustain strong car sales for years 2013. We b. Barringer, Bruce, and R. Duane. How bringing its business plan to life helped a social enterprise get off to a strong start, New York, NY: Free Press, 2009. Print. Trassard, Pauline. Mobile and Automotive Industries: New Business Models Needed to Promote Collaboration. 2 Jul. 2013. Web.

The Rise and Fall of Weimar and the Rise of Hitler

The Rise and Fall of Weimar and the Rise of Hitler Between World War One and Two, Germany experienced several changes in government: from an emperor to democracy to the rise of a new dictator, a FÃ ¼hrer. Indeed, it’s this last leader, Adolf Hitler, who directly began the second of the twentieth century’s two great wars. The German Revolution of 1918-19 Faced with defeat in the First World War, the military leaders of Imperial Germany convinced themselves that a new civilian government would do two things: take the blame for the loss, and persuade the soon to be winners of the war to demand only a moderate punishment. The socialist SDP was invited to form a government and they pursued a moderate course, but as Germany began to fracture under pressure so calls for a full-fledged revolution were demanded by the extreme left. Whether Germany really did experience a revolution in 1918-19, or whether that was defeated is debated. The Creation and Struggle of the Weimar Republic The SDP was running Germany, and they resolved to create a new constitution and republic. This was duly created, based at Weimar because the conditions in Berlin were unsafe, but problems with the allies’ demands in the Treaty of Versailles produced a rocky path, which only got worse in the early 1920s as reparations helped hyperinflation and impending economic collapse. Yet Weimar, with a political system that produced coalition after coalition, survived, and experienced a cultural Golden Age. The Origins of Hitler and the Nazi Party In the chaos following the end of World War One, many fringe parties emerged in Germany. One was investigated by an army man called Hitler. He joined, displayed a talent for demagoguery, and soon took over the Nazi Party and expanded its membership. He might have moved too early believing his Beer Hall Putsch would work, even with Ludendorff on the side, but managed to turn a trial and time in prison into a triumph. By the mid-twenties, he’d resolved to at least start his rise to power semi-legally. The Fall of Weimar and Hitler’s Rise to Power The Golden Age of Weimar was cultural; the economy was still dangerously dependent on American money, and the political system was unstable. When the Great Depression removed the US loans the German economy was crippled, and dissatisfaction with the center parties led to extremists like the Nazis growing in votes. Now the top level of German politics slipped towards the authoritarian government, and democracy failed, all before Hitler managed to exploit violence, despair, fear and political leaders who underestimated him to become Chancellor. Treaty of Versailles and Hitler The Treaty of Versailles was long blamed for leading directly to the Second World War, but this is now considered an overstatement. Nevertheless, it’s possible to argue several aspects of the Treaty did contribute to Hitler’s rise to power. The Creation of the Nazi Dictatorship By 1933 Hitler was Chancellor of Germany, but was far from secure; in theory, President Hindenburg could sack him whenever he wanted. Within months he had wrecked the constitution and established a powerful, gripping dictatorship thanks to violence and the final act of political suicide from the opposition parties. Hindenburg then died, and Hitler combined his job with the presidency to create a FÃ ¼hrer. Hitler would now reshape all areas of German life.

Art History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Art History - Essay Example Rome and Alba Longa experienced conflicts due to power struggles and quest for more territories. The painting depicts three brothers saluting their dad who takes away their swords. They are taking an oath on their swords which Horatii will then hand to them. The period reflected in the painting was a creation of David to accomplish his creative goals. Since the ancient times, art has been used to help in creating a sense of imagery and convey a hidden message. The painting creates a sense of heroism as it was created just before the French Revolution (Kleiner, 2010, p. 356). The sons maintain the use of power to fight the enemy. The French authorities use the painting as a propaganda tool to create nationalism within the country. Ideally, the government wanted the citizens to uphold the sense of loyalty and pride as depicted by the loyalty that the Horatii brothers had towards their city. The government was concerned about the deportation of the citizens (Kleiner, 2010, p. 342). The government was for the idea that painting would help in bringing the citizens together, thus realizing nationalism. The painting inspired loyalty and bravery among the French nationals. Further, the picture shows two women who were associated with the Curiatii. Nonetheless, the two brothers are not concerned about the sobbing women but are ready to sacrifice for their city. The painting The Oath of the Horatii helped in laying the foundation for Neoclassicism (Gardner & Kleiner, 2010). Propagandas are aimed at convincing the citizens of the particular policies as well as create social norms through endorsing particular social behaviors. David had developed his own symbolic language, although he had detailed a technique to represent the inner ideas and situations in the society. His works on paintings demonstrated the allure of classical and revival art, that was noticeable in his style and political symbolism. David’s art was integrated in his limitless and